دکترین کارتر: دفاع از حقوق بشر یا حمایت از دیکتاتوری؟

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه اندیشه سیاسی در اسلام، پژوهشکده امام خمینی و انقلاب اسلامی

چکیده

در دهه هفتاد میلادی امریکا به متحدین خود در کشورهای اقماری، از جمله ایران، توصیه کرد به اصلاحاتی دست بزنند تا از انقلاب و گسترش کمونیسم در جهان جلوگیری شود. کارتر در نطق­های انتخاباتی و دکترین خود وعده داد که ایالات متحده دیگر از دیکتاتورهای متحد خود دفاع نکند و آنها را وادار کند حقوق بشر را رعایت کنند، اما در عمل به جای آنچه که او "تعهد مطلق" به حقوق بشر خواند در کنار دیکتاتور ایران قرار گرفت. سئوال پژوهش: دلائل تناقض در نظریه و اجرای دکترین کارتر کدامند؟ فرضیه: دکترین کارتر برای حفظ منافع نظام  سرمایه‌داری در پارادایم جنگ سرد صورتبندی شد و از آنجا که منافع این نظام را به خطر می‌انداخت در اجرا دچار تناقض شد. روش تحقیق: در این پژوهش از روش‌ تحلیل محتوی استفاده شده و داده‌های مربوطه از نطق‌ها و پیام‌های کارتر و اسناد مرتبط جمع‌آوری شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که موقعیت ژئوپولیتیکی ایران در پارادایم جنگ سرد باعث شد که کارتر به‌جای تلاش برای گسترش حقوق بشر با چشم بستن بر نقض حقوق بشر در ایران از دیکتاتوری شاه به‌منظور سد نفوذ کمونیسم و حفظ منافع سرمایه‌دار حمایت کند. روند ذبح حقوق بشر در مسلخ منافع سرمایه‌داری از جانب امریکا تا به امروز ادامه داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Carter’s Doctrine: Defense of Human Rights or Protection of Dictatorship?

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Sadrodin Moosavi Jashni
Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Political Thought in Islam, Research Institute of Imam Khomeini and Islamic Revolution
چکیده [English]

The United States in 1970s asked its allies in the satellite states, including Iran, to launch some reforms to contain Communism. Jimmy Carter in his election speeches and doctrine promised not further support its authoritarian allies and encourage them to observe human rights, but in practice instead of what he called “absolute commitment” to human rights, he stood on the side of the Iranian dictator. The question of this research is: What are the reasons for the contradiction between the theory and practice regarding the Carter’s Doctrine? Hypothesis: Carter’s Doctrine was formulated for the protection of the capitalist system’s interests within the paradigm of the Cold War and since its implementation would endanger the interests of the capitalist system, it faced contradiction in practice. Research method: Content analysis has been employed and therefore Carter’s speeches and messages as well as related documents have been used to collect the data. The findings of the research indicate that Iran’s geopolitical situation in the Cold War paradigm caused Carter to set aside his Doctrine and instead of trying to promote human rights he closed his eyes to the Shah’s dictatorial rule in order to contain Soviet Communism. The trend of sacrificing human rights in the slaughter house of capitalist interests has been continuing till date.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carter’s Doctrine
  • Human Rights
  • Iran
  • Shah
  • dictatorship
  • United States

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