The Effects of Nursi Mysticism on the Social Islam in Turkey: The Case of Fethullah Gülen’s Teachings
Ghader
Hafez
دانشجوی دکتری تصوف و عرفان اسلامی دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب
author
Mohammad
Roodgar
Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic mysticism, Research Institute of Imam Khomeini and Islamic Revolution
author
Farzad
Mohammadi
Master of Science in Political Science
author
text
article
2019
per
Whether the relationship between mysticism and politics is a negative or positive one has always been among the controversial issues in the history of political thought in the Islamic world. While some thinkers as Seyed Javad Tabatabai and Abdolkarim Soroush strongly propose that the grand roof of politics does not or should not rest on the pillars of mysticism in an Islamic state, there have been such great movements and states as Marashyan of Tabarestan, Sarbedaran , the Isma'ili state of Hassan-e Sabbāh, and the powerful Safavid dynasty with basically mystical (sufi) structures and natures. As a present instance of the positive relationship between politics and mysticism, one can take the case of Islamist government in Turkey today that is strongly influenced by the mystical teachings from the doctrines of Naqshbandi and Nursî . In fact, this sociopolitical system emphasizes such parameters as the importance of unity among the Islamic states, and the utility of the model of Islamic civilization; it has a favorable regard for the achievements of the Western civilization; it insists on the heightened role of the social principles of Islam; it cares for the people’s needs and well-being, has a mild and tolerant conception of Islam, believes in the importance of cultural Islam, fights against ignorance and schism, enhances education and literacy, and shows tolerance toward the religious minorities. In all such principles, the Islamist government is under the impacts of mystical teachings. The connection between mysticism and social Islam is the theories of Fethullah Gülen. Holding a realistic and practical approach, and through the application of powers of media software, Gülen tries to come up with a mild and moderate reading of Islam. Using a historical-analytic methodology, the present study attempts at investigating the effects of Sufism and mysticism, presented through Gülen’s teachings, on the workings of the Islamist state of Turkey.
Contemporary Political Studies
IHCS
2383-1294
10
v.
3
no.
2019
1
23
https://politicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_4746_bfb03d04d7fb4341fff87cba26a4a458.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30465/cps.2019.4746
New middle class and mobilization of voting resources in Iran (1997-96)
Mohammad Bagher
Khorramshad
Professor of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran
author
Fazel
kord
PhD student in Political Sociology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran
author
text
article
2019
per
The new middle class is a city-oriented, academic, and participatory social force that has become the center of gravity of socio-political developments in a process of formation, within or outside the body of government. The research question is, how has the mobilization of new middle class voting resources for electoral participation (1-3) in Iran? The hypothesis and findings of the study will show that the group claims to have the political power and challenge to access sovereignty resources through tools and practices such as mass media, political parties and political leaders' speeches. The new middle class, in the context of collective action with its intellectual allies, mobilizes its resources to infiltrate government and sovereignty. This paper attempts to answer the research question by using Charles Taleil's theory of resource mobilization and by historical method within a given time and by secondary findings.
Contemporary Political Studies
IHCS
2383-1294
10
v.
3
no.
2019
25
51
https://politicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_4744_cf9e1c7129f5d267eb137028f37ba755.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30465/cps.2019.4744
بازتاب اندیشه سیاسی محقق کرکی و روزبهان خنجی
در مناسبات سیاسی دولت صفویه و عثمانی
(از جنگ چالدران تا صلح آماسیه)
Farhad
Zivyar
faculty member of Institute for Humanities and cultural Studies
author
text
article
2019
per
سرآغاز قرن دهم هجری تاریخ تحولات ایران با دوره روی کار آمدن صفویان مقارن است؛ به نحوی که ایران رفته­رفته جای خود را با صورت و سیرت خاصی در تاسیس دولت و نظامسازی سیاسی متجلی میسازد. همکاری محقق کرکی و روزبهان خنجی دو فقیه بزرگ ایرانی این قرن با دولت­های شیعی (صفوی) و سنی (عثمانی و ازبک) از لحاظ فکری نقش بهسزایی در لایهبندیهای اندیشه سیاسی آن دوره دارد. سوال اصلی در این پژوهش نیز بر اساس همین همکاری تنظیم شده است؛ اینکه خدمات فکری این دو شخصیت موثر در دو حوزه اهل سنت و تشیع، چگونه به دولتهای عثمانی و صفویه در ماندگاری، فرهنگ­سازی، مصالحات و منازعات آن دولتها کمک میکند؟ از یک طرف ظرفیتسازی محقق کرکی در همکاری با صفویان با اغتنام فرصتی تاریخی نه تنها به محک عملی در عالم سیاست دست می­یازد؛ بلکه با رویکرد تحول­گرایانه و استکمالی ظرفیت­های علمی و نظری را جایگزین منش­های تقریبا ناکارآمد پیشین می­کند، در حالی که روزبهان خنجی، همتای سنی او، نه تنها سلطنت خان ازبک و سلطان عثمانی را تا منصب امامت بالا می­برد؛ بلکه احکام و فتاوای فقهی خود را وسیلة خون­ریزی­ها و کشورگشایی­های این سلاطین جور تحت عنوانهای جهاد در راه خدا قرار می­دهد. واکاوی ساخت اندیشگی این مقوله در ابتدای قرن دهم با رویکردی مقایسهای، کمک میکند به روش و منش دو عالم شیعی و سنی همعصر، در شرایط تثبیت و نهادمندی سیاسی دولت صفوی و تداوم وجاهت دولت عثمانی پی ببریم.
Contemporary Political Studies
IHCS
2383-1294
10
v.
3
no.
2019
53
82
https://politicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_4745_b01d6964330805dbdaab7fc9bebc49e4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30465/cps.2019.4745
Historical Roots of America's New Turn to Economic Nationalism
Abdollah
Ghanbarloo
Associate Professor in the Dept. of Politics and International Relations, IHCS
author
text
article
2019
per
This paper deals with the new changes in the economic and political policies of the US in the Donald Trump era.Economic nationalism refers to an ideology that favors smart protectionism over free market system in order to strengthen internal economic infrastructures. Rising of economic nationalism against globalism has been one of the main characteristics describing the Trump administration. The question is, why the US government has been returning to economic nationalism during the Trump era. The current economic nationalism has historical origins reaching back to America's War of Independence in the 18th century. It flourished during the 19th century and remained until the 1940s. There are many signs of American economic nationalism until the outbreak of World War II in spite of the first wave of globalization in the late 19th century. Donald Trump's election victory shows the fact that advocates of the return to American economic nationalism have been surprisingly growing during the last decade.
Contemporary Political Studies
IHCS
2383-1294
10
v.
3
no.
2019
83
106
https://politicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_4747_cb98564a27c7a31aa921b2072333020a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30465/cps.2019.4747
Political Theology of the Idea of Citizenship in the Contemporary Iran
Shervin
Moghimi
faculty member of Institute for Humanities and cultural Studies
author
text
article
2019
per
The main core of new citizenship in the west is civil element; the one that founded by Hobbes and strengthened by Locke. Rousseau, in spite of his serious criticism and concentrating on the political, national and especially socioeconomic elements of citizenship, maintained the civil element as the constituent one. Finally, notwithstanding the theoretical conflicts and even contrasts, idea of citizenship could turn out to be the basis of political life in the sphere of western common sense. If we accept that the beginning of development of the idea of new citizenship in Iran was in evolutions led to the constitutional revolution, then we can say that the role of civil element was not noticeable at all. We think that this should be considered according to the rhetorical strategy of opponents of political modernity in Iran. This rhetoric in a sense indicated to the strategy applied by these modernists in the necessary theologico-political war had broken out. Based on belief in civil element or in idea of "the individual possessed unconditional right in the state of nature", political modernity founded on the theological ground itself and exactly this civil element in the face of rigid theologico-political core in Iranian network of common sense was the most conflicting one. In this article, we attempt to analyze the transformations in rhetorical strategy of opponents of political modernity in contemporary Iran on the basis of the mentioned war and examine its consequences for new idea of citizenship in Iran.
Contemporary Political Studies
IHCS
2383-1294
10
v.
3
no.
2019
107
133
https://politicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_4748_043ae0f54685f46b742721f6fd14e368.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30465/cps.2019.4748
Mysticism, Meaning and Politics
Sadegh
Mirveisinik
Shahid Beheshti University
author
yadollah
Honari latif pour
Bu Ali Sina University
author
text
article
2019
per
One of the most important factors influencing the authenticity of the political subject and the civil action of recent mankind is the issue of the ontological meaning of humanity and the nihilism of the modern world. Some political thinkers concentrating on the relationship between the meaning of life and political action in humans seek to justify this meaning through classical thought, particularly Greek art and virtuosity. While analyzing the incompatibility of classical art and virtue with modern ontology, this article will elaborate on some implications of Islamic mysticism in the wisdom of Attar. The conclusion of the discussion presented in this paper is that although Attar's individualist mysticism related to "political theory" seems the refusal at least from the viewpoint of some scholars, it has some meaningful ramifications for the genuine presence of the political subject and the negation of ideological and mass politics at the semantic level.
Contemporary Political Studies
IHCS
2383-1294
10
v.
3
no.
2019
135
161
https://politicalstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_4749_04730e280b608b11e60a14d6929f5abe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30465/cps.2019.4749