Feasibility study of different readings of democracy with emphasis on religious democracy and explanation of its three models

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1 PhD student in Public Law, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Public Law, University of Judicial Sciences and Administrative Services, Tehran, Iran

10.30465/cps.2025.50449.3472

Abstract

Democracy is a style of governance that guarantees the sovereignty of the people and the right to self-determination. Democracy has a history of development spanning several thousand years from ancient Greece to the present day; as such, it is a historical concept; in the contemporary era and recent decades, the question has arisen as to whether different readings of democracy, especially religious democracy, are possible. A group of researchers believe in the plurality of models of democracy, and some others, with an essentialist view, believe that secularism and, beyond that, liberalism are part of the essence and substance of modern democracy. However, this view imposes an ideological approach to democracy. Our belief in this article is that, firstly, democracy is not secular or confined to a liberal reading. Democracy, despite conditions such as public election, limitation and rotation of power and freedom, can be realized in the form of various political systems and philosophies. Secondly, the value system of religion, and specifically Islam, has the capacity to realize a reading of democracy and multiple models of it. Finally, we briefly explained three models of religious democracy. In this article, a descriptive-analytical method and simple qualitative modeling have been used to explain religious democracy.

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