From Capital to Political Capital; A Critique of the development of the Theory of Political Capital

Document Type : .

Authors

1 Graduated with a master's degree, Political Science major, University of Mazandaran

2 Associate Professor, Political Science (Political Thought), Faculty of the University of Mazandaran

3 Professor, Political Science (Iran Issues), Faculty of the University of Mazandaran

Abstract

Attention in conceptual coordinates of the theory of political capital, in comparison with other forms of capital, reveals relatively high overlaps and conceptual ambiguities. This casts doubt on the theoretical nature and findings of studies in this field. Accordingly, the present study with a Critical attitude, in a descriptive-explanatory method and based on a historical approach (history of theories), concentrates on this question :What is the evolution and independent theoretical determining of the concept of political capital and its conceptual coordinates? Findings indicate that the coherence of the theory of political capital is mainly due to the necessity of a series of socio-political developments (mainly for or against the capitalist system) and reciprocally theoretical developments (rich analytical capacities of the concept of capital in the American utilitarian and pragmatic socio-political sciences and French Critical), Especially in the last quarter of the twentieth century, especially influenced by the studies of Companions of the capital and especially by Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical innovations, as well as the contending views of late scholars in various fields of political capital (Influenced by three theoretical origins based on social capital, symbolic and total), it has been laid. basically political capital did not exist in a pure form and therefore no single definition can be considered for it. However the Definitive core of this capital can be explained as a metaphor of the accumulation of power with the ultimate goal of political legitimacy.

Keywords


احمدی، یعقوب و نمکی، آزاد (1391). سرمایه اجتماعی و گونه دموکراتیک فرهنگ سیاسی (تحلیل ثانویه داده های پیمایش ارزش های جهانی برای استان های ایران). مجله علوم اجتماعی. ش 59، صص 241 – 294.
اسکات، جان و لوپز، خوزه (1385). ساخت اجتماعی. ترجمه حسین قاضیان. تهران، نشر نی.
اسکینر، کوئنتین (1393). بینش‌های علم سیاست. ج 1. در باب روش. ترجمه فریبرز مجیدی. تهران، نشر فرهنگ جاوید.
پیران­نژاد، علی و عبادی، نغمه (1391). سرمایه سیاسی و اینترنت: بررسی سطح سرمایه سیاسی و تأثیر استفاده از اینترنت بر ابعاد آن. فصلنامه علوم مدیریت ایران، 7(28): 26 - 1.
تاجبخش، کیان (1385). شکل‌های سرمایه؛ اعتماد، دموکراسی و توسعه. ترجمه: افشین خاکباز و حسن پویان، تهران، نشر شیرازه.
توسلی، غلامحسین و موسوی، مرضیه (1384).  مفهوم سرمایه در نظریات کلاسیک و جدید با تأکید بر نظریه سرمایه اجتماعی. نامه علوم اجتماعی. ش26، صص 32 1.
خرم شاد، محمدباقر (1392). تحول و تطور علم سیاست در آمریکا و فرانسه. پژوهش‌های راهبردی سیاست. ش6، صص 37 – 9.
دورکهایم، امیل (1378 الف). خودکشی. ترجمه نادر سالارزاده امیری. تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی.
دورکهایم، امیل (1378 ب). درباره تقسیم‌کار اجتماعی. ترجمه باقر پرهام. ج3. تهران، نشر مرکز.
ساعی، احمد (1388). مسائل سیاسی - اقتصادی جهان سوم. تهران. انتشارات سمت.
عبادی، نغمه، قلی­پور، آرین و پیران­نژاد، علی (1393). شناسایی عوامل اثرگذار بر سرمایه سیاسی، مدیریت توسعه. ش2، دوره 27، صص 51 – 29.
فوکویاما، فرانسیس (1384). آینده پسا انسانی ما، ترجمه حبیب‌الله فقیهی‌نژاد. تهران، انتشارات روزنامه ایران.
کریمی، شیرین و جلائی پور، حمیدرضا (1395). جامعه شناسی سیاسی پی یر بوردیو (مطالعه ی مفاهیم و عناصر میدان سیاسی در نظریه ی بوردیو). مطالعات علوم سیاسی، دوره دوم. ش 4. از 55 تا 69.
مریدى، سیاوش (1373). فرهنگ اقتصاد. تهران، نشر پگاه.
 
Bénit-Gbaffou, Claire; Katsaura, Obvious (2014). "Community Leadership and the Construction of Political Legitimacy: Unpacking Bourdieu's 'Political Capital' in Post-Apartheid Johannesburg". International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 38 (5): 1807–1832.
Biersteker, T. J. (1993). Evolving perspectives on international political economy: twentieth-century contexts and discontinuities. International Political Science Review, 14(1), 7-33.‏
Birner, R., & Wittmer, H. (2000). Converting social capital into political capital, In Eighth Biennial Conference.
Blumentritt, T., & Rehbein, K. (2008). The Political capital of foreign subsidiaries: An exploratory model. Business & Society, Vol 47. No 2. Pages 242-263.
Booth, J. A., & Richard, P. B. (1998). Civil society, political capital, and democratization in Central America. The Journal of Politics, 60(3): 780-800.
Booth, J., & Richard, P. (2007, April). Social and political capital in Latin American democracies, In Annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hotel, Chicago, IL.
Bourdieu, P. (1983). Ökonomisches Kapital, kulturelles Kapital, soziales Kapital. In: Kreckel (1983):183-198.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The Forms of Capital. In: Richardson. pp 241-258.
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Harvard University Press.‏
Carlin, Bruce Ian, Bhagwan Chowdhry, and Mark J. Garmaise (2011). "Investment in organization capital." Journal of Financial Intermediation.
Casey, K. (2008). Defining political capital: A reconsideration of Bourdieu’s interconvertibility theory. St Louis, USA: Lab for Integrated Learning and Technology: University of Missouri.‏
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American journal of sociology, The University of Chicago Press, 94: 95-120.
Coleman, James Samuel (1990). Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Edvinsson L, Malone MS (1997) Intellectual capital: realizing your company's true value by finding its hidden roots. HarperBusiness, New Yor
Farr, J. (2004). Social capital: A conceptual history. Political theory, 32(1), 6-33.
Fukuyama, F (2001). Social capital, civil society and development. Third world quarterly, 22(1), 7-20.
Fukuyama, M. F (2000). Social capital and civil society. International Monetary Fund.‏
Gabriele Gratton, Richard Holden, and Barton E. Lee .(2019) Political Capital.August 30, 2019. 13th Annual Organizational.
Grootaert, C., & van Bastlaer, T. (2002). Understand and Measuring SocialCapital. Washington DC, World Bank.
Hanifan L. J. (1916). New Possibilities in Education. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 67, (Sep., 1916), 130-138.
Harvey, M., & Novicevic, M. (2004). The development of political skill and political capital by global leaders through global assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol 15 .No (7): Pages 1173-1188.
Harvey, M., & Novicevic, M. (2004). The development of political skill and political capital by global leaders through global assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 15(7): 1173-1188.
Häuberer, Julia (2011). Theory Social Capital. Charles University in Prague Press. Czech Republic.
Kjaer, Ulrik. (2013) Local Political Leadership: The Art of Circulating Political Capital, Local Government Studies, 39. 2. 253-272.
Lee, A. (2005). Invest or spend? Political capital and statements of administration policy in the first term of the George W. Bush presidency. Georgia political science association, conference proceedings.
Lévi-Strauss, Claude (1955). The Structural Study of Myth, Journal of American Folklore. 68(270). 428 – 44.
Lin, N. (2001). Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action. Cambridge University Press.
Macaulay, T. B. (2008). The History of England from the Accession of James II. Vol. V. Bibliobazaar, LLC. P.
Magano, C (2000). Gender & democracy: exploring the growh of political capital in womans NGO in Israel. Phd Thesis, university of Columbia.
Magno, C. (2008). Refuge from crisis: refugee women build political capital. Globalization, societies and education, 6(2), 119-130.
 McDonald, Chris; Kirk-Brown, Andrea; Frost, Lionel; Van Dijk, Pieter; Rainnie, Al (2013). "Partnerships and Integrated Responses to Rural Decline: The Role of Collective Efficacy and Political Capital in Northwest Tasmania, Australia". Journal of Rural Studies. 32: 346–356.
Mercer, C. (2004). Engineering Civil Society: ICT in Tanzania. Review of African
Moore, Jerry D. (2009). "Claude Levi-Strauss: Structuralism". Visions of Culture: An Introduction to Anthropological Theories and Theorists. Walnut Creek, California: Altamira. pp. 231–247.
Nayden, N. (2011). Political capital conceptualization: reclaiming the heart of democracy. Sofia University, http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Nayden%2C+Nikolay.+.
Newton, K. (2001). Trust, social capital, civil society, and democracy. International Political Science Review, 22(2): 201-214.
Norris, Pippa, and Ronald Inglehart (2005). "Gendering Social Capital: Bowling in the Women's Leagues?" Gender and Social Capital. Ed. Brenda O'Neill. Routledge, 2005, Ch. 4, 73-98.
Persson, Torsten, and Guido Tabellini )2006b(. “Democratic Capital: The Nexus of Political and Economic Change.” National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 12175.
Putnam, R. D. (1995), Bowling Alone: Americans Declining Social Capital , Journal of Democracy, Vol.6, No.1: 65- 78.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: American’s declining social capital. In Culture and politics (pp. 223-234). Palgrave Macmillan, New York.‏
Safire, William. (2008). Safire's Political Dictionary. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
Schugurnesky, D. (2000). Citizenship learning and democratic engagement: Political capital revisited, Adult Edeucation Research Confrance, Vancouver.
SHaffer, B., & Hillman, A. J. (2000). The development of businessgovernment strategies by diversified firms. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 175-190.
Skinner, Q. (1978). The Foundations of Modern Political Thought. UK: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Sorensen, E., & Torfing, J. (2003). Network politics, political capital, and democracy. International journal of public administration, 26(6): 609-634.
Tzanakis, Michael (2013). Social capital in Bourdieu’s, Coleman’s and Putnam’s theory: empirical evidence and emergent measurement issues. Educate. vol. 13, no. 2, 2013, p. 2-23.
Uphoff, N. (2000). Understanding social capital: learning from the analysis and experience of participation. Social capital: A multifaceted perspective, 215-249, Washington, DC: World Bank.
Uslaner, E. M. (2018). The Oxford handbook of social and political trust. Oxford University Press.