The evolution of Shia political jurisprudence from Safavid to the Islamic Republic of Iran

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Authors

1 Student of political science, political science - political ideas (specialized doctorate), Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad branch

2 Associate Professor, Political Sociology, Faculty of Tehran University

3 Department of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad branch, Iran

10.30465/cps.2024.47675.3328

Abstract

Undoubtedly, jurisprudence is one of the main cultural and intellectual foundations of Islamic Iran, which has been present and effective in this civilization since the beginning of time. But this constant element is not constant and has experienced its own changes with the change of periods and the necessity of conditions. In this regard, although Shia jurisprudence was developed from fixed foundations and principles, it has undergone significant changes since its emergence until today, especially after the victory of the Islamic Revolution. In order to understand some of these developments, this research focuses its main question on what major changes have occurred in Shia political jurisprudence from the Safavid era to today. The hypothesis of the research is that since political jurisprudence is the reflection of jurisprudence on the political matter, it has always been in relations with power. Therefore, the form and pattern of the relationship with power can be a suitable criterion for examining its major developments. The findings of the research have shown that the Shia political jurisprudence in the previous Safavid period had withdrawn from interfering in the government; During the Safavid and Qajar eras, the jurists brought Shiite political jurisprudence out of isolation by legitimizing the government and holding some government institutions. During the Qajar and Pahlavi eras, by creating political movements and participating in official institutions, they demanded a greater role in political decision-making; And then, in the process of the formation of the Islamic Revolution, and later in the period of its establishment and stabilization, they engaged in politics. The approach of descriptive-historical research, and the method of data collection was library and documentary.

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