Abstract
One of the vital issues in the establishment and stabilization of the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran is the sensitive and significant decisions of Imam Khomeini (RA) in various events in the country. The purpose of this research is to investigate the logic of their decisions in the internal issues of the country. The current research is based on the statements and decisions of the Imam (RA) using the "descriptive-analytical" method. The findings of the research are: the decision-making logic of the Great Leader of the Islamic Revolution in the internal issues of the country, which includes the following: the formation of an Islamic government, practice and adherence to the law, expediency, using collective reason and consultation, reconciling politics and Sharia, dealing with opponents and hypocrites and finally, revision of the constitution. The results show that in the view of Imam Khomeini (RA), adherence to the implementation of these factors in important national decisions is very important. Therefore, identifying these factors will help us to have a suitable strategy for rational and constructive decisions for the future of the country.
Keywords: Leader؛ logic؛ decision؛ expediency؛ reason؛ Islam.
 
 
 
Introduction
The establishment and stabilization of the Islamic Republic of Iran were deeply influenced by the decisive and pivotal decision-making of Imam Khomeini (RA), the founder and leader of the revolution. As one of the most prominent figures of the 20th century, Imam Khomeini’s decisions during critical moments in the early years of the Islamic Republic played a fundamental role in shaping Iran’s political, social, and religious landscape. His approach to governance was deeply rooted in Islamic jurisprudence, but at the same time, it reflected a keen awareness of contemporary political realities.
This research aims to examine the logic underlying Imam Khomeini’s decision-making process in internal matters of the country. By analyzing his speeches, actions, and directives during the formative years of the Islamic Republic, we can better understand the principles and strategies that guided his leadership. These include the establishment of Islamic governance, adherence to law, political pragmatism, consultation and collective wisdom, reconciliation between religion and politics, handling opposition, and constitutional reforms.
Understanding Imam Khomeini’s decision-making logic is not only critical for analyzing the early years of the Islamic Republic but also for formulating effective decision-making frameworks for the future of Iran. The study applies a descriptive-analytical method, relying on historical documents and the Imam’s writings to draw conclusions about his leadership style and decision-making principles.
What was the decision-making logic of Imam Khomeini in addressing internal issues of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and how did it contribute to the stability and development of the new government? Imam Khomeini’s decision-making was based on a unique combination of Islamic principles, collective wisdom, and pragmatic considerations. His decisions were not only guided by religious jurisprudence but also by a deep understanding of the socio-political context of the time. The hypothesis suggests that his adherence to Islamic governance, consultation, and pragmatic policy-making ensured the sustainability and stability of the Islamic Republic, while his flexible approach allowed for constitutional reform and adaptation in response to changing circumstances.
 
Materials & Methods
The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, focusing on the analysis of Imam Khomeini’s speeches, letters, and decisions in critical moments. The study relies on both primary and secondary sources, including documented speeches of Imam Khomeini, historical accounts, and scholarly analyses of his leadership during the early years of the Islamic Republic.
The analysis is structured around key themes in his decision-making logic, including the formation of Islamic government, adherence to the rule of law, consultation and collective wisdom, the balancing of religion and politics, pragmatic decision-making, dealing with opposition, and constitutional reforms. Each theme is explored in detail to demonstrate how Imam Khomeini’s decisions contributed to the establishment and stabilization of the Islamic Republic.
 
Discussion & Result
1. Establishment of Islamic Governance
Imam Khomeini’s decision to establish an Islamic government was rooted in his deep commitment to the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, particularly the concept of Velayat-e Faqih (Guardianship of the Jurist). He believed that governance should be based on Islamic law (Sharia) and that religious scholars, who are well-versed in Islamic jurisprudence, should oversee the political affairs of the country. This principle became the cornerstone of the Islamic Republic’s political system.
However, Imam Khomeini’s approach was not purely theoretical. He understood the complexities of establishing a new government after the fall of the Pahlavi monarchy and took pragmatic steps to ensure the smooth transition of power. For instance, he emphasized the need for popular support and democratic participation in the formation of the new government. The referendum on the establishment of the Islamic Republic in 1979 is an example of his willingness to involve the people in the decision-making process, thereby ensuring legitimacy for the new system.
2. Adherence to Law
Another key aspect of Imam Khomeini’s decision-making was his strong adherence to the rule of law. He believed that the legitimacy of any government depends on its commitment to upholding justice and enforcing laws based on Islamic principles. This is evident in his emphasis on the implementation of Islamic law in all aspects of governance.
However, Imam Khomeini’s adherence to law was not rigid. He recognized that laws must be adapted to the changing circumstances of society. This flexibility allowed him to introduce reforms in the legal and constitutional framework of the Islamic Republic. For example, the 1989 constitutional amendments, which redefined the role of the presidency and the Velayat-e Faqih, demonstrate his ability to adapt the legal structure to meet the needs of the country’s evolving political landscape.
3. Pragmatism and Expediency
While Imam Khomeini was deeply committed to Islamic principles, he was also a pragmatist who understood the importance of political expediency. In his decision-making, he often prioritized the greater good of the Islamic Republic over strict adherence to ideological purity. This is most evident in his concept of Maslahat (expediency), which allowed him to justify certain decisions that might not have aligned perfectly with Islamic law but were necessary for the survival and stability of the state.
One notable example is the establishment of the Expediency Discernment Council, an institution designed to resolve conflicts between the parliament and the Guardian Council. This institution reflects Imam Khomeini’s pragmatic approach to governance, as it allowed for the resolution of political disputes in a manner that prioritized the interests of the nation.
4. Collective Wisdom and Consultation
Imam Khomeini placed great importance on consultation and collective wisdom (Shura) in his decision-making process. He frequently sought the advice of scholars, politicians, and military leaders before making critical decisions. This reliance on collective wisdom not only ensured that his decisions were well-informed but also fostered a sense of unity and shared responsibility among Iran’s leadership.
Consultation was particularly important in matters of national security, such as the Iran-Iraq War. Imam Khomeini’s decision to continue the war after the recapture of Khorramshahr was based on the collective advice of military commanders and political leaders, who believed that further fighting was necessary to secure Iran’s borders.
5. Reconciliation of Religion and Politics
A key feature of Imam Khomeini’s decision-making was his ability to reconcile Islamic principles with the realities of modern politics. He believed that Islam and politics were inseparable and that religious values should guide political decisions. However, he also recognized the need to engage with the international community and adopt modern political practices to ensure the survival of the Islamic Republic.
This balancing act is evident in his foreign policy decisions, such as his decision to release American hostages in 1981. While many hardliners opposed the decision on ideological grounds, Imam Khomeini saw it as a necessary step to de-escalate tensions with the United States and focus on domestic challenges.
6. Handling Opposition and Enemies
Imam Khomeini’s decision-making logic also extended to dealing with opposition, particularly the Monafeqin (hypocrites) and other groups that posed a threat to the Islamic Republic. He believed in taking a firm stance against internal enemies, as demonstrated by his crackdown on opposition groups such as the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (MEK). While his approach to dealing with opposition was often harsh, it was consistent with his belief that the survival of the Islamic Republic required strong and decisive leadership.
7. Constitutional Reforms
Finally, Imam Khomeini’s decision to initiate constitutional reforms in 1989 was a testament to his flexibility and foresight. The amendments, which included changes to the role of the presidency and the expansion of the Velayat-e Faqih, reflected his recognition that the political structure of the Islamic Republic needed to evolve to meet the challenges of the post-war period.
 
Conclusion
The decision-making logic of Imam Khomeini was characterized by a combination of Islamic principles, pragmatism, collective wisdom, and flexibility. His decisions were rooted in a deep commitment to establishing and maintaining an Islamic government, but they were also informed by the practical realities of governing a modern state. By adhering to the rule of law, prioritizing the greater good, and consulting with others, Imam Khomeini was able to navigate the complex political challenges of the time and ensure the stability and survival of the Islamic Republic.
Understanding Imam Khomeini’s decision-making logic provides valuable insights into the governance of Iran and offers a framework for future decision-making that balances Islamic principles with pragmatic considerations. His approach demonstrates the importance of adaptability, consultation, and prioritizing national interests in ensuring the long-term success of the Islamic Republic.